Multiplexed extremum seeking for calibration of spark timing in a CNG-fuelled engine

Abstract

The compositional variability of many alternative fuels, coupled with fuel agnostic behaviour like engine ageing and vehicle-to-vehicle differences, leads to the desire for some form of online calibration in order to optimise fuel efficiency. This has led to the incorporation of extremum seeking techniques within the field in order to continually fine tune engine performance. These typically address steady state engine performance and are characterised by slow convergence times, hindering their deployment in typical dynamic driving scenarios. To address this potential shortcoming, in this paper a novel multiplexed extremum seeking scheme is proposed to track a time-varying extremum caused by..